In open-pit mining operations, the stability of deep excavation slopes is directly dependent on groundwater conditions within the field. An increase in pore water pressures can reduce effective stress, thereby decreasing shear strength and potentially leading to sudden slope collapses. For the early identification and prevention of these risks, a comprehensive subsurface instrumentation program was implemented by the GeoAnts engineering team.

Within this framework, piezometer sensors were installed at different elevations and locations along the slope mass to continuously monitor the pore water pressure distribution. The piezometers were installed as multi-point systems (up to five sensors) within the same borehole, enabling the determination of pressure gradients along the vertical profile. In addition, multi-point piezometer systems were integrated with TDR (time domain reflectometer) cables installed in inclined boreholes for the identification of potential slip surfaces. Through these challenging installations, displacement zones developing within the slope and pore water pressure–displacement relationships were evaluated in real time.

The data obtained enabled both early warning detection of potential ground movements and optimization of slope design. This integrated approach significantly enhances the effectiveness of safety-oriented design, continuous monitoring, and risk management processes in mining sites.